Telescope for submarine and submergible boats.



No. 829,121. PATENTED AUG. 21, 1906. E. NEUMAYER & H. JACOB. TELESCOPE FOR SUBMARINE AND SUBMERGIBLE BOATS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24,1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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PATENTED AUG. 21, 1906. E. NEUMAYER & H. JACOB. TELESCOPE FOR SUBMARINE AND SUBMERGIBLE BOATS.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 24,1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

R M w E .5 u hm mwfi QII N R u m M E D E WI'TNESSEM CX- NO- 829,121. PATENTED AUG. 21, 1906.

NEUMAYER & H. JACOB. TELESCOPE FOR SUBMARINE AND SUBMERGIBLE BOATS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24,1905.

3 S6HEETSSHEET 3. 1

m I v A W I? a a w.

nnrrnn s'ra rns EDMUND NEU MAYER AND HEINRICH JACOB, OF FRIEDENAU, NEAR BERLIN,

GERMANY, ASSIGNORS TO THE GOERZ AKTIENGESE'LLSOHAFT, MANY.

FIRM OF OPTlSC-HE ANSTALT C. P;

OF FRIEDENAU, NEAR BERLIN, GER- Specification of Letters Tatent.

Patented Aug. 21 ,-1906.

Application filed Jun! 24, 1905. Sarial'No. 266,728.

Toall whmn it may concern.- Be it known that we, EDMUND NEUMAYER and HEINRICH JAooB, engineers, cit zens of the German Empire, and residents of Friede near Berlin,Germany, have invented serted into the path of the rays adapted tosweep the horizon and where a further system of reflectors,preferably forming faces of a prism, is provided, which is or are likewise rotatable and adapted to cooperate with the said first-named reflector sweeping the horizon in such a manner that correct upright images are thrown into the eye of an observer who remains stationary at his position during the rotation of the-said reflectors Telescopes of this kind are described in United States Patent Nos 784,487 and 784,852, issued to the assignee'of this inventiomthe firm of C. Goerz, of Friedenau, near Ber- -The invention has improvements in and relating to said telescopes with rotatable reflector sweeping the horizon and with image-erecting prism or prisms, said improvements consisting mainly in means for obtaining a large field of view with said instruments and for enabling the determinations of the position of the said reflector sweeping the'horizon at the same time with thesighting of the distant object through the instrument.

Other objects of the invention consisting in. certain features of construction resulting in an instrument which is at the same timestrong and can be easily manipulated by'tlie' observer will be clear from the following description.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure Us a diagrammatical view of the optical constit' for its object certain uents of a telescope in accordance with the invention, having two telescopical systems, the figure showing at the same time the path of the axial ray of the instrument and of lateral rays of twopencils of rays. Fig. 2 is a view of the erecting-prism of Fig. 1,. seen in a direction forming an angle of ninety degrees to that of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a modification of the optical constituents of the instrument. Fig. 4 ment containing in this instance. four telesoopi'cal systems. Fig. 5 is a modification of the instrument containing the same four telescopical systems as Fig. 4, the common optical axis of two of the systems forming an A angle of ninety degrees with the common optical axis of the other two .systems. Fig. 6is

three telescopical systems. Figs. 7 and 8 are embodiments 'of two forms of instruthat the angle ,shown in Fig. 2 it can be seen pencil which can pass through the prism 2, cannot surpass certain narrow limits,

"s another modification, the instru-' ments with three 'teles'copical systems.-

Figs. 9 and 10 are detail views'of the devices for indicating the position of the reflector designates the rotatable reflector 2 is the image-create lenses 4 4* 4 forming the second telescop-' 6, included between two marginal rays of a a modification of the instrument containing From the construction of the path of rays pending essentially on the refracting power i of the glass which is used for manufacturing the prism. Therefore inorder to obtain a large field of view for an instrument having an erectingprism like the/prism 2 inserted in the path of the re s it is necessary to reduce the, angle include between two rays coming from the object to be viewed through the instrument before same meet the erectingprisni 2. I This is done in accordance with the ICO invention by the telescopica system 3 3 3",

in which the lens 3 forms the element of greater focal length, because it is a wellknown fact that the angle which is included between two rays leaving the element of greater focal length of a telescopical system is smaller than the angle between the same two rays before same enter the element of smaller focal length of the said telescopical toward the erecting-prism, so that the latter is included between the elements of greater focal length of the said two telescopical systems.

. any desired variation of the length of the in- The use of two telescopical systems in the instrument enables at the same time strument, because it is possible to remove or to bring nearer together the telescopical systems without altering the images produced by the instrument.

In Fig. 3 a modification of the optical ele ments represented in Fig. 1 is shown, In

f this instance the rotatable reflector sweeping the horizon'is again designated with the numeral l.

The first telescopical system inserted in the path of the rays consists of two collective lenses 8 and 8 the lens 8 producing an image in the plane 9 and the lens 8 emitting the rays coming from the image inplane 9 in parallel direction. The erecting-prism is again designated with the numeral 2. The telesco ical system behind the erecting-prism 2 is re uced to one single collective lens 10, having its focal plane at 11 and producing an image at this plane. It is assumed that the image produced in'plane 11 is inspected directly by the eye 12 of the observer. A

Although the insertion of a telescopical s stem'in front of the erecting-prism 2 enables theoretically obtaining of large fields of view yet practically the fie d of view is limthe difficulty met inproducing erectmgrisms of suflicient size. This difficulty resu ts from the fact that the telescopical sys tem arran ed in front of the erecting-prism turns its cement of greater focal len th to- -ward the erectingri sm and this e ement having a considera 1e diameter in the case where the focal length is considerable, as it must be in instruments which are used for scopical systems-having e ements of consid-.

erable focal length and in connection with this large diameter, telescopical systems with elements of small focal length may be used, and the erecting-prism may be inserted between two of such additional telescopical systems or in front of one such additional telescopical system. Such modifications of the telescope in accordance with this invention are represented in Figs. 4, .5, and 6 of the drawings. In Figs. 4 to 6 the rotatable reflector or prism sweeping the horizon is again designated with the numeral .1.- The lenses of the two telescopical systems which are adapted to give a considerable length to the whole instrument aredesignated 13 13 13 and 14* 14 14 The lenses of the two additional telescopicalsystems are designated in Figs. 4 and 5,15*' l5 l5 and16 16 16 The erecting-prism 2 is inserted between the systems 15 and 16. From the annexed drawings it can easily be seen that the size of the erecting-prism 2, inserted between such additional telescopical systems, can be much smaller than if such prism had been inserted between the two systems 13 and 14. The two embodiments of-the instrument in Figs, 4 and 5 are only distinguished in so far that the systems 15 and 16 are arranged in Fig. 5 in an angle of ninety degrees to the systems 13 and 14, whereas in Fig. 4 the lenses of all the telescopical systems except one lens at each end of the instrument are arranged in a straight line. In the embodiment of the invention represented in Fig; 6 the erectingprism 1s arran smaller focal Iength of the telescopical systern 14 and the telescopical system 17 17 17. This last-named telescopical system is used in this instance to eliminate the diminution of the field of view produced by the inserting of the two telescopical systems 13 and 14, turning their elements of greater focal length 13 and 14 toward each other.

In Figs. 7 and 8 two embodiments of the instrument with optical elements as represented in Fig. 6 are shown. In the embodied between the element'14 of IIO ment of the instrument represented in Fig. 7 the two telescopical elements which enable.

a great length of the instrument to be obtained are again designated by the numerals 13 13 13 and 14 14 14, as in Fig. 6. The lenses ofthe third telescopical system are also designated with the numerals 17 17 and 17", as in Fig. 6. with the reflecting-surface sweeping the horizon is designated 1 and the'erecting-prism 2. 18 designates a prism with a reflecting-sun face which is so arranged that it reflects the luminous rays passing through the instrument in horizontal direction, so that they can easily be observed by an observer.

The rism 1 is firmly connected with a rotatab e tube 19, which is driven by a'worm The rotatable prism 20, engaging a Worm-Wheel 21, c'onto the part 33, rotatably mserted into the nected with the tube 19.

' be rotated by a hand-wheel 22, which is connected with the worm by a cord 23; The tube 19 is mounted with a ball-bearin 24 on a fixed part 25 of the instrument. Y T e two telescopical systems 13 and 14 are firmly cdn-' nected with the rotatable tube 19. In an extension 26 of the tube 19 an axle 27 is mounted bearing two toothed wheels 28 29, one of which meshes with the teeth of a rack 30 on the periphery of the fixed part 25 of the instrument. with the teeth of a gear'31 on the periphery of a rotatable cap 32, carrying the erectingprism 2. The carrier 32 of the prism 2 is rotatably mounted on a tube-like art 33, rotatably inserted in the hollow of t e fixed part 25 and provided with a nose 34, enga ing the axle 27, carrying the toothed whee s 28 29. In the rotatable tube-like part 33 a glass plate35 is inserted carrying an index or pointer 36. Another-glass plate 37 with a dial 38 is inserted into the hollow of the fixed part 25 of the instrument. The two glass plates 35 37 are so arranged that their planes containing the said pointer 36 and dial 38 substantially coincide with the focal plane of the ocular 17 of the instrument The numeral 39 indicates a plate-form of. a submarine boat or the like which is traversed by the upper end of tube 19.

The operation of this embodiment of the instrument is as follows:

The observer, looking through the eyeglass 17 C of the instrument, observes the objects in front of the reflecting-prism 1. observe the objects atdifferent points of the horizon, he must rotate the hand-wheel 22, which communicates its movements byrope 23 to worm 20, worm-wheel 21 to tube'19, carrying the reflector 1. Therefore a rotation of the hand-wheel 22 corresponds to a rotation of the'reflector 1. This rotation of the tube 19 and reflector 1 is communicated through the axle 27, engaging with nose 34',

hollow-of the fixed part 25 of the instrument.

' Therefore the pointer 36 rotates over the dial38 and indicates by its position the position of the rotatable reflecting-prism 1 and the position of theobject in front ofsaid rotatable prism 1. The dial 38 and the pointer 36 being arranged in the focal plane of the ocular179, the observer can determine the position of the rotatable prism, without leaving the ocular 17, by his eye. The rotation of the tube 19 is communicated bythe rack 30 to the toothed wheels 28 and 29, fixedon the axle 27, mounted in the extension 26 Tbe worm 20 may i The other wheel 29 meshes In order to 'ings.

portioned that the head 32 with prism 2 is rotated with half the angular velocity of the reflecting-prism 1. By such relation. of the angular velocities of prisms 1 and 2 upright images are secured for each position of the rotatable reflecting-prism 1, as clearly shown in the above-mentioned former patents Nos. 784,487 and 784,852.

The modification of the instrument shown in Fig. 8 differs from the embodiment shown in Fig. 7 substantially in this regard that the tube 19, carrying the two telescopical systems 13 and 14, is stationary and that only the reflecting-prism 1 is rotatably mounted on the upper end of said stationary tube 19. Motion is'communicated to the rotatable carrier 40 of said prism 1 by a rod 41, carrying at its lower end within the reach of the observer a hand-wheel 42 and at its upper end a toothed wheel 43, meshing with teeth on the periphery 44 of thecarrier 40. The rod 41 is tightly inclosed by a tube 45. A transparent cap 46 tightly encircles the rotatable reflecting-prism 1. The erecting-prism 2 is firmly mountedv in the tube-like head 47, rotatably secured in stationary tube 19, whereas the glass plate 35 with pointer 36 is inserted into a rotatable part 48. The rotatable pieces 47 and 48 are provided at their peripheries with rows'of teeth 49 and 50, respectively, said teeth meshingwith toothed wheels 51 52, mounted on rod 41. The toothed wheels 51 and 52 are so proportioned that the rotatable-ring 48- with plate 35 is rotated with the same velocity as the reflecting-prism 1, whereas the body 47 with the erecting-prism 2 is rotated with half this velocity. From this it appears that the operation of this embodiment of the instrument is substantially the same as that described with reference to Fig. 7 of the draw- Having now particularly described and'ascertained the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be per- 1. In a telescope for submarine and submergible boats, turrets and similar purposes the combination of at least one reflector 1n serted in the path of-the rays and rotatably mounted and inclined to the axis-ray of the iplstrument a prism inserted in the path of t e rays behind said reflector, means for moving'said prism with half the angular velocity of said reflector, said prism being adapted to secure upright images for arbitrary positions of said pivoted reflector, at least one telescopical system in front of said rotatable prism and means arranged behind said prism adapted to collect the rays leaving said prism so as to produce an image of the object emitting said rays. I I 2 2. In a telescope for submarine and submergible boats, turrets and similar purposes the combination of a plurality of telescopical systems at least two of said telescopical systems being arranged so as to turn their elements of greater focal length toward each other, at least one reflector inserted, in the path of the rays and rotatably mounted and inclined to the axis-ray of the'instrument, a prism inserted between two of the telescopical systems and ieans for moving said prism with half the angular velocity of said reflector, said prism being adapted to secure upright images for arbitrary positions of thesaid'pivoted reflector.

3. In a telescope for submarine and submergible boats, turrets and similar purposes the combination of three telescopical systems,

said telescopical systems being in such relation to each other that two of same turn their elements of greater focal lengthtoward each other, at least one reflector inserted in the path or" the rays and rotatably mounted and inclined to the axis-ray of the instrument, a prism inserted between those two telescopical systems which do not turn their elements of greater focal length toward each other, and means for moving said prisms with other atv least one reflector inserted in the path of the rays and rotatably mounted and inclined to the axis-ray of the instrument, a prism inserted between two of the telescopical systems and means for moving said prism with half the angular velocity of said reflec- "130T, said prism beingadapted to secure up right imagesfor arbitrary positions of the said pivoted reflector and at least one more reflector near the ocular of said submarine telescope adapted to retract, the rays in a direction convenient for the observer.

- 5. In a telescope for submarine and submergible boats, turrets and similar purposes the combination of a plurality of telescopical systems and at least one reflector inserted in the path of the rays and inclined to the aXisray-of the instrument, a mantle tubeinclos,

ing at the same time at least two of the'tele scopical systems, said reflector being mounted in non rotatable relation with said mantletube, a prism-carrier and prism, the mantletube being provided with rotating meansand ada' ted to rotate said prism-carrier with hal of its own angular velocity, said prism being adapted to secure uprightima' es for arbitrarypositions of theisaidrotatab etube and reflector and at least one, more reflector I near. the ocular of said-submarine telescope adapted to retract the rays in a direction convenient for the observer. l.

6. Ina telescope for submarine and submergible boats, turrets and similar purposes the combination of a plurality of telescopical. systems at least one reflector inserted inthe path of the rays and rotatably mounted and inclined to the axis-ray of the instrument, a

mergible boats, turrets and similar purposes the combination of a plurality of telescopical systems atleast one reflector inserted in the path of the rays and rotatably mounted and inclined to the axis-ray of the instrument, a transparent casing inclosing said reflector, a rotatable carrier, a prism inserted between twoof theitelescopical systems and mounted in said carrier, a rod being provided with gears engaging said rotatable reflector and prisnncarrier, said gears being adapted to r0- tate the reflector with double the velocity of the prism-carrier and the gear-rod being water-tightly mounted in said tube substantially as and for the purposes described.

8. In a telescope the combination with an objective and an ocular of a reflector inserted in the path of the rays and rotatably mounted and inclined tothe axis-ray of the instrument a prism likewise inserted in: the path of the rays and mounted to be rotated in dependence upon the said rotatable reflector and to secure upright images for arbitrary positions of said reflector, a dial and an index adapted to be seen through said ocular and one of which being connected with the said rotatable reflector so as to be rotated the one with relation to the other.

9. In a telescope the combination with an objective and an ocularof a reflector inserted in the path of the rays and rotatab ly mounted and inclined to the axis-ray of the instrument a prism likewise inserted in the path of the rays and mounted to be rotated in dependence upon the said rotatable reflector and to secure upright images for arbitrary positions of said reflector a dialand an index' adapted to be seen through said ocular and .oneof which is connected with the said rotatable reflector, the dial as well as the index 'being positioned in a focal plane of the strument.

10. In a telescope the combination with an objective and an ocular of a reflector inserted in the path of the rays and rotatably mounted and inclined to the axis-ray of the instrument, at prism likewise inserted in the path of the rays and-mounted tov be rotated in dependence upon the said rotatable reflector In' testimony whereof we have signed this and to secure uprightimages for arbitrary specification in the presence of two subscrib- 10 positions of said reflector a, ial and an index ing wltnesses.

adapted to be seen through said ocular and, 1 EDMUND NEUMAYER. 5 one of which is connected with the said z'ote- HEINRICH JACOB.

table reflector both the dial and the index' Witnesses? being positioned in the focal plane ofthe ocu- HENRY HASPER,

lar. WOLDEMAR' HAUPT. 

